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<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=Section1>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Project
Title:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Responses of marine macroalgae to a
high CO2 environment<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Supervisors:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Dr. Michael Steinke, Dr. Leanne
Hepburn, Dr. Dave Suggett<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Funding:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Available for <st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">UK</st1:place></st1:country-region> and EU
citizens<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Project
Description:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">We study the ecophysiology of marine
algae and their role in microbial food webs. The oceans absorb CO2 and this
process results in a phenomenon called ‘ocean acidification’. Ocean
acidification affects the physiological performance of phytoplankton including
their ability to photosynthesise, calcify, and produce the climate-relevant
trace gas dimethyl sulphide (DMS). It is likely that it will also be detrimental
to the rate of calcification in marine calcifying macroalgae. A reduction in
calcification will have important implications for global marine ecosystems
including the structure and functioning of subtropical coral reefs. Furthermore,
seaweeds are an important source of DMS along temperate coasts and changes in
DMS production may significantly affect atmospheric
processes.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">You will establish laboratory
cultures of calcifying macroalgae and non-calcifying seaweeds. You will incubate
these at various CO2 levels and quantify their physiological performance using
gas chromatography, and a combination of imaging and spectroscopic techniques
(chlorophyll-a fluorometry coupled to Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
(LIBS)).<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">During the project there may be
opportunities to conduct fieldwork at the Mediterranean <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">island</st1:PlaceType> of <st1:PlaceName
w:st="on">Ischia</st1:PlaceName> or at one of our coral reef fieldsites in
<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region
w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:country-region></st1:place>.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">You will be an enthusiastic team
player with strong scientific interests and self-motivation. You will have at
least a 2.1 honours degree in biology, chemistry or a branch of environmental
science. Good numerical ability and some experience in chemical analysis are an
advantage. You will be trained in chemical analyses and biological incubation
experiments, while addressing a problem of global significance. You will acquire
some highly useful and transferable skills such as: project planning, handling
and visualization of data, execution of fieldwork, effective collaboration,
scientific writing, and oral communication.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">References:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Raven J. et al. 2005. Ocean
acidification due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide. The Royal Society,
<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">London</st1:City></st1:place>.
1-60.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">
(Available at
http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/document.asp?id=3249)<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Subject
areas:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Marine
Biology<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Botany/Plant
Science<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Environ
Science/Ecology<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Further
information:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceType w:st="on"><FONT
face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">University</SPAN></FONT></st1:PlaceType><FONT
face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">
of <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Essex</st1:PlaceName></SPAN></FONT></st1:place><FONT
face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">:
<A href="http://www.essex.ac.uk/">http://www.essex.ac.uk/</A>
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Department of Biological Sciences:
<A href="http://www.essex.ac.uk/bs/">http://www.essex.ac.uk/bs/</A>
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Research Studentships and
Application Materials: <A
href="http://www.essex.ac.uk/bs/pgrad/index.shtm">http://www.essex.ac.uk/bs/pgrad/index.shtm</A>
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Closing date of
applications: 12th March 2007 <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">For informal enquiries please
contact Dr. Michael Steinke <A
href="mailto:msteinke@essex.ac.uk">msteinke@essex.ac.uk</A>
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Dr. Michael
Steinke</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-GB><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Department of Biological
Sciences</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-GB><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceType w:st="on"><FONT
face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">University</SPAN></FONT></st1:PlaceType><FONT
face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">
of <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Essex</st1:PlaceName></SPAN></FONT></st1:place><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on"><FONT
face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Wivenhoe</SPAN></FONT></st1:PlaceName><FONT
face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">
<st1:PlaceType w:st="on">Park</st1:PlaceType></SPAN></FONT></st1:place><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on"><FONT face=Arial
size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Colchester</SPAN></FONT></st1:City><FONT
face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">
<st1:PostalCode w:st="on">CO4 3SQ</st1:PostalCode>, <st1:country-region
w:st="on">United Kingdom</st1:country-region></SPAN></FONT></st1:place><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">phone:
+44-(0)1206-873318</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-GB><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">fax:
+44-(0)1206-872592</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-GB><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">email: <A
href="mailto:msteinke@essex.ac.uk">msteinke@essex.ac.uk</A></SPAN></FONT><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">web: <A
href="http://www.essex.ac.uk/bs/staff/steinke/index.shtm">http://www.essex.ac.uk/bs/staff/steinke/index.shtm</A></SPAN></FONT><SPAN
lang=EN-GB><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN lang=EN-GB
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV></BODY></HTML>